Sudan
Risk Level: One - Do Not Fly
[ about risk levels ]
Following a military coup in April 2023, Sudan remains closed to all civilian flights. In South Sudan, air navigation services remain suspended above FL245. There is ongoing fighting in Sudan between government and militant forces. HSSK/Khartoum airport is closed, but no Notams are being issued. There is a Contingency Plan available with published routes for ops in and out of HSPN/Port Sudan airport. For overflights avoiding Sudan, there are some north-south routes available via Egypt and Saudi, and some east-west contingency routes available over South Sudan. If routing via nearby airspace, be aware of other active warnings in close proximity.
Several countries have issued airspace warning advising their operators not to enter the airspace of Sudan, due to risks from anti-aircraft weaponry and military activity. Germany has prohibited its operators from the HSSS/Khartoum FIR.
Read: OPSGROUP article: Sudan Airspace Update, Apr 2023
The primary risk now relates to security on the ground for any unplanned diversions to airports in Sudan. Throughout the conflict, there have been reports of passenger jets being targeted by gunfire at HSSK/Khartoum Airport.
The secondary risk relates to Sudan’s proximity to South Sudan - which has poor levels of ATC provision for overflights below FL245.
Major events:
May 2025: Drone attack targeting critical infrastructure including HSPN/Port Sudan airport.
Oct 2024: Foreign-registered cargo aircraft was shot down by local militia over North Darfur (Western Sudan, near the border with Chad).
Apr 2023: Military coup on Apr 15. Sudan’s airspace closed, South Sudan’s airspace closed above FL245.
Oct 2021: Military coup on Oct 25. HSSK/Khartoum airport closed for two days, with all flights suspended.
Several countries have issued airspace warning advising their operators not to enter the airspace of Sudan, due to risks from anti-aircraft weaponry and military activity. Germany has prohibited its operators from the HSSS/Khartoum FIR.
Read: OPSGROUP article: Sudan Airspace Update, Apr 2023
The primary risk now relates to security on the ground for any unplanned diversions to airports in Sudan. Throughout the conflict, there have been reports of passenger jets being targeted by gunfire at HSSK/Khartoum Airport.
The secondary risk relates to Sudan’s proximity to South Sudan - which has poor levels of ATC provision for overflights below FL245.
Major events:
May 2025: Drone attack targeting critical infrastructure including HSPN/Port Sudan airport.
Oct 2024: Foreign-registered cargo aircraft was shot down by local militia over North Darfur (Western Sudan, near the border with Chad).
Apr 2023: Military coup on Apr 15. Sudan’s airspace closed, South Sudan’s airspace closed above FL245.
Oct 2021: Military coup on Oct 25. HSSK/Khartoum airport closed for two days, with all flights suspended.
Current warnings list :
| Source | Reference | Issued | Valid to | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Italy | Notam LIRR E1543/25 | 25 Jun 2025 | 26 Sep 2025 | |
| France | AIC 15/24 | 14 Dec 2023 | Ongoing | |
| UK | Notam EGTT V0014/23 | 13 Jul 2023 | Ongoing | |
| Canada | AIC 12/25 | 18 May 2023 | Ongoing | |
| EASA | CZIB CZIB-2023-01R6 | 26 Apr 2023 | 31 Jan 2026 | |
| Germany | AIC 04/25 | 21 Apr 2023 | Ongoing |
Source: Italy
Reference: Notam LIRR E1543/25
Issued: 25-Jun-25, valid until: 26 Sep 2025
Plain English: Italian operators should avoid the HSSS/Khartoum FIR.
ITALIAN AIR CARRIERS AND CAPTAINS OF AIRCRAFT IN CHARGE OF AIR SERVICES OPERATED BY CARRIERS HOLDING AN OPERATING LICENSE ISSUED BY ITALY, WHETHER THEY ARE CONTRACTUAL CARRIERS AND/OR OPERATING CARRIERS, OR PERFORMING AIR SERVICES THROUGH A WET LEASE OR A CODESHARE AGREEMENT AS WELL AS FOR ANY FLIGHT MADE WITH AN AIRCRAFT REGISTERED IN ITALY ARE RECOMMENDED TO AVOID KARTHOUM FIR (HSSS) AT ALL ALTITUDES AND MONITOR EASA SAFETY DIRECTIVES.
Source: France
Reference: AIC 15/24
Issued: 14-Dec-23, valid until: Ongoing
Plain English: French operators should not enter the airspace of Sudan, nor file Sudanese airports as alternates.
From 14/12/2023 and until further notice, pilots in command of aircraft performing air services mentioned in paragraph 1.1 are requested not to penetrate in the part of the KHARTOUM FIR (HSSS) located over Sudan territory and not to identify Sudan aerodromes as alternate when planning flight operations
Source: UK
Reference: Notam EGTT V0014/23
Issued: 13-Jul-23, valid until: Ongoing
Plain English: UK operators should not enter the airspace of Sudan due to risks from anti-aircraft weaponry and military activity.
AIRSPACE SECURITY WARNING ISSUED BY THE DEPARTMENT FOR TRANSPORT- ADD NEW WARNING - HAZARDOUS SITUATION IN SUDAN. UK CIVIL AIR OPERATORS ARE RECOMMENDED NOT TO ENTER FIR KHARTOUM (HSSS) WITHIN THE TERRITORY AND AIRSPACE OF SUDAN. POTENTIAL RISK FROM ANTI-AIRCRAFT WEAPONRY AND HEIGHTENED MILITARY ACTIVITY. CONTACT UK DEPARTMENT FOR TRANSPORT +44 (0)207-082 6639 OR +44 (0)207-944-3111 OUT OF HOURS. FOR FURTHER DETAILS. 2023-04-0410/AS6. UK AIP ENR 1.1 REFERS. SFC - UNL, 13 JUL 08:28 2023 UNTIL PERM. CREATED: 13 JUL 08:31 2023
Source: Canada
Reference: AIC 12/25
Issued: 18-May-23, valid until: Ongoing
Plain English: Canadian operators should avoid the HSSS/Khartoum FIR due to risks from anti-aircraft weaponry and military activity.
Level 2 (Recommendation)
SECURITY – HAZARDOUS SITUATION IN SUDAN.
Canadian Air Operators and owners of aircraft registered in Canada are recommended not to enter FIR Khartoum (HSSS). Potential risk from anti-aviation weaponry and military operations.
SECURITY – HAZARDOUS SITUATION IN SUDAN.
Canadian Air Operators and owners of aircraft registered in Canada are recommended not to enter FIR Khartoum (HSSS). Potential risk from anti-aviation weaponry and military operations.
Source: EASA
Reference: CZIB CZIB-2023-01R6
Issued: 26-Apr-23, valid until: 31 Jan 2026
Plain English: Operators should not enter the airspace of Sudan at all levels.
This CZIB is issued based on information currently available to EU Member States and EU institutions.
Due to the current volatile situation in Sudan caused by on-going armed clashes between the Sudan Armed Forces (SAF) and the opposition Rapid Support Forces (RSF), there is a continued possible threat to civil aviation.
The primary threat to civil aviation stems from military operations with the availability for use in the conflict of air assets, anti-aircraft artillery (AAA) systems, MANPADS and SAM systems. Aircraft on the ground are also at risk given military operations affecting airports. Based on the existing security situation, there is continuous risk to aviation due to potential misidentification, miscalculation or collateral damage by the parties engaged, when using anti-aircraft weaponry.
The presence and possible use of a wide range of weapon systems poses a HIGH risk for civil flights operating at all altitudes and flight levels.
In view of the existing risk posed by military activities with the use of air assets and air-defence capabilities of the parties engaged in the conflict, EASA recommends not to fly within the airspace over Sudan at all altitudes and flight levels.
Air operators should closely monitor airspace developments in the region and follow all available aeronautical publications concerning the region issued by or on behalf of Sudan and by the Aviation Authorities of the neighbouring States, including information shared through the European Information Sharing and Cooperation Platform on Conflict Zones, alongside available guidance or direction from their national authorities.
Due to the current volatile situation in Sudan caused by on-going armed clashes between the Sudan Armed Forces (SAF) and the opposition Rapid Support Forces (RSF), there is a continued possible threat to civil aviation.
The primary threat to civil aviation stems from military operations with the availability for use in the conflict of air assets, anti-aircraft artillery (AAA) systems, MANPADS and SAM systems. Aircraft on the ground are also at risk given military operations affecting airports. Based on the existing security situation, there is continuous risk to aviation due to potential misidentification, miscalculation or collateral damage by the parties engaged, when using anti-aircraft weaponry.
The presence and possible use of a wide range of weapon systems poses a HIGH risk for civil flights operating at all altitudes and flight levels.
In view of the existing risk posed by military activities with the use of air assets and air-defence capabilities of the parties engaged in the conflict, EASA recommends not to fly within the airspace over Sudan at all altitudes and flight levels.
Air operators should closely monitor airspace developments in the region and follow all available aeronautical publications concerning the region issued by or on behalf of Sudan and by the Aviation Authorities of the neighbouring States, including information shared through the European Information Sharing and Cooperation Platform on Conflict Zones, alongside available guidance or direction from their national authorities.
Source: Germany
Reference: AIC 04/25
Issued: 21-Apr-23, valid until: Ongoing
Plain English: German operators are prohibited from entering the HSSS/Khartoum FIR.
Level 3 (Highest Risk - Do Not Enter). Civil German air operators are prohibited to enter FIR KHARTOUM (HSSS) and UIR KHARTOUM (HSSS). Potential risk from anti- aviation weaponry, military operations and armed conflicts. Further information: Website of the Federal Ministry for Digital and Transport of Germany (WWW.BMVI.DE/KRISENMANAGEMENT).