Israel
Risk Level: One - Do Not Fly
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On 13 June 2025, Israel commenced major airstrikes on several sites in and around Tehran. A retaliatory response by Iran is now expected. Iran, Israel, Iraq and Jordan have since closed their airspace to all flights.
See OPSGROUP Briefing: Middle East airspace situation – June 2025
Most operators have been avoiding Iran and Israel since the Oct 2024 rocket attacks between the two countries — most Middle East transits have been operating south via Egypt/Saudi instead.
The primary risk in Israel is from rocket and missile attacks - directly from Iran, but also from Hamas in Gaza, Hezbollah in Lebanon, and the Houthis in Yemen.
There have been several recent Iranian missile attacks in Israel — in April 2024, Oct 2024, and now again in June 2025. There remains a significant risk within the LLLL/Tel Aviv FIR from the ongoing conflict and situation. Most foreign airlines are now avoiding LLBG/Tel Aviv airport.
The secondary risk is a multitude of factors from operating in a conflict zone: misidentification, debris from air defences, GPS spoofing, false EGPWS alerts (now common in Israeli airspace), and reduced route and diversion options in the event of an aircraft emergency.
Major Events:
June 2025: Israeli missile attack on Iran.
Oct 2024: Iranian rocket attack on Israel, and Israeli rocket attack on Iran in response.
Sep 2024: EASA issued new CZIB recommending against flights in airspace of Israel (CZIB withdrawn on 31 Jan 2025).
Apr 2024: Iran launched a series of missiles at Israel.
Oct 2023: Major offensive against Hamas launched by Israel, conflict ongoing.
Aug 2021: Following an Israeli airstrike on Syria, Syria sent a surface to air missile towards Tel Aviv. The missile detonated off the coast of Israel and there was no damage.
May 2021: LLBG/Tel Aviv Airport was forced to close on several occasions, as air defence systems were activated around the country to repel incoming rocket attacks.
July 2014: Major rocket fire from Gaza against Tel Aviv during the Gaza War. The US FAA responded by imposing restrictions at LLBG/Tel Aviv airport for a two day period, and EASA advised that operators suspend flights, which ultimately resulted in 30 airlines cancelling flights.
See OPSGROUP Briefing: Middle East airspace situation – June 2025
Most operators have been avoiding Iran and Israel since the Oct 2024 rocket attacks between the two countries — most Middle East transits have been operating south via Egypt/Saudi instead.
The primary risk in Israel is from rocket and missile attacks - directly from Iran, but also from Hamas in Gaza, Hezbollah in Lebanon, and the Houthis in Yemen.
There have been several recent Iranian missile attacks in Israel — in April 2024, Oct 2024, and now again in June 2025. There remains a significant risk within the LLLL/Tel Aviv FIR from the ongoing conflict and situation. Most foreign airlines are now avoiding LLBG/Tel Aviv airport.
The secondary risk is a multitude of factors from operating in a conflict zone: misidentification, debris from air defences, GPS spoofing, false EGPWS alerts (now common in Israeli airspace), and reduced route and diversion options in the event of an aircraft emergency.
Major Events:
June 2025: Israeli missile attack on Iran.
Oct 2024: Iranian rocket attack on Israel, and Israeli rocket attack on Iran in response.
Sep 2024: EASA issued new CZIB recommending against flights in airspace of Israel (CZIB withdrawn on 31 Jan 2025).
Apr 2024: Iran launched a series of missiles at Israel.
Oct 2023: Major offensive against Hamas launched by Israel, conflict ongoing.
Aug 2021: Following an Israeli airstrike on Syria, Syria sent a surface to air missile towards Tel Aviv. The missile detonated off the coast of Israel and there was no damage.
May 2021: LLBG/Tel Aviv Airport was forced to close on several occasions, as air defence systems were activated around the country to repel incoming rocket attacks.
July 2014: Major rocket fire from Gaza against Tel Aviv during the Gaza War. The US FAA responded by imposing restrictions at LLBG/Tel Aviv airport for a two day period, and EASA advised that operators suspend flights, which ultimately resulted in 30 airlines cancelling flights.
Current warnings list :
| Source | Reference | Issued | Valid to | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Russia | Notam UUUU A3266/25 | 11 May 2025 | 12 Jun 2025 | |
| Italy | Notam LIRR E0713/25 | 31 Mar 2025 | 29 Jun 2025 | |
| EASA | CZIB 2024-02 R1 | 09 Oct 2024 | 31 Jan 2025 | |
| Canada | AIC 12/25 | 10 Oct 2023 | Ongoing |
Source: Russia
Reference: Notam UUUU A3266/25
Issued: 11-May-25, valid until: 12 Jun 2025
Plain English: Russia operators are banned from flying to Israel at night.
ATTENTION RUSSIAN ACFT OPERATORS. DUE TO REMAINING THREAT TO CIVIL AVIATION FLIGHT SAFETY, RESTRICTIONS BY THE FEDERAL AIR TRANSPORT AGENCY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION ARE IMPOSED 2200-0400UTC ON NIGHT-TIME DEPATURES FROM AIRPORTS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION TO AIRPORTS OF THE STATE OF ISRAEL. THE OPERATORS DECISION ON CARRYING OUT DAY-TIME FLIGHT OPERATIONS DESTINED TO THE STATE OF ISRAEL SHOULD BE BASED ON RISK ASSESSMENT, MADE WITH PROVISIONS OF THE RISK ASSESSMENT MANUAL FOR CIVIL AIRCRAFT OPERATIONS OVER OR NEAR CONFLICT ZONES (ICAO DOC 10084 SECOND EDITION, 2018) TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT. 11 MAY 07:00 2025 UNTIL 11 JUN 23:59 2025 ESTIMATED. CREATED: 11 MAY 07:19 2025
Source: Italy
Reference: Notam LIRR E0713/25
Issued: 31-Mar-25, valid until: 29 Jun 2025
Plain English: Italian operators should exercise caution in the LLLL/Tel Aviv FIR and follow Notams and ATC instructions closely (Israel might publish restrictions at short notice when air defenses are repelling attacks from Gaza and Syria).
ITALIAN AIR CARRIERS AND CAPTAINS OF AIRCRAFT IN CHARGE OF AIR SERVICES OPERATED BY CARRIERS HOLDING AN OPERATING LICENSE ISSUED BY ITALY, WHETHER THEY ARE CONTRACTUAL CARRIERS AND/OR OPERATING CARRIERS, OR PERFORMING AIR SERVICES THROUGH A WET LEASE OR A CODESHARE AGREEMENT AS WELL AS FOR ANY FLIGHT MADE WITH AN AIRCRAFT REGISTERED IN ITALY ARE RECOMMENDED TO EXERCISE ENHANCED CAUTION WHEN OVERFLYING OR OPERATING FLIGHTS TO TEL AVIV FIR (LLLL) IN PARTICULAR TO FOLLOW INSTRUCTIONS FROM ISRAELI AUTHORITIES AND TO PAY PARTICULAR ATTENTION TO RESTRICTIONS OR INTERDICTIONS PUBLISHED BY NOTAM WITH VERY SHORT NOTICE DUE TO POTENTIALLY FAST EVOLVING SITUATION. 31 MAR 09:41 2025 UNTIL 28 JUN 23:59 2025 ESTIMATED. CREATED: 31 MAR 09:41 2025
Source: EASA
Reference: CZIB 2024-02 R1
Issued: 09-Oct-24, valid until: 31 Jan 2025
Plain English: On 28 Sep 2024, EASA issued a CZIB recommending against all flights to Israel. Then on 10 Oct 2024, they downgraded it saying operators should conduct a risk assessment. Then on 31 Jan 2025, the CZIB was withdrawn altogether. We are keeping the link to the CZIB here for reference.
This CZIB is issued based on information currently available to EASA and the European Commission to share necessary information for ensuring the safety of flights over zones of interest.
The current conflict between Hezbollah and Israel involves rockets, missiles and drones launches from Lebanon with Israeli airstrikes and artillery fire, including systematic activation of air-defence systems.
Hezbollah’s possession of all-altitude capable cruise and ballistic missiles, along with the deployment of air assets operating at various altitudes, increases the risk of misidentification and miscalculation.
Additionally, missiles and military-grade weaponised drones launched by Hezbollah allies create additional concerns for the safety of airspace in the region.
The Civil Aviation Authority of the State of Israel has demonstrated its ability to efficiently manage the risks to civil aviation in its airspace to date. However, it is considered that the current intensity of the conflict and high level of tensions with Iran pose risks to civil aviation requiring adequate mitigation measures to be implemented by air operators.
EASA will continue to closely monitor the situation, with a view to assess whether there is an increase or decrease of the risk for EU aircraft operators due to the evolution of the threat and risk situation.
EASA recommends air operators to implement a stringent monitoring process and risk assessment for each flight when intending to operate within the airspace of Israel.
The outcome of the risk assessment process should allow to reasonably determine the level of risk for each flight resulting in a decision:
1) to continue the operations subject to the implementation of mitigations or additional contingency measures; or
2) not to operate in the entirety or in part of the affected airspace, at any or at specific flight level.
The risk assessment and mitigation measures should ensure that a flight does not commence or continue as planned unless it has been verified by all reasonable means that the airspace can be safely used for the planned operation.
Air operators should closely monitor airspace developments in the region and follow all available aeronautical publications concerning the region issued by Israel, including information shared through the European Information Sharing and Cooperation Platform on Conflict Zones, alongside available guidance or direction from their national authorities.
The current conflict between Hezbollah and Israel involves rockets, missiles and drones launches from Lebanon with Israeli airstrikes and artillery fire, including systematic activation of air-defence systems.
Hezbollah’s possession of all-altitude capable cruise and ballistic missiles, along with the deployment of air assets operating at various altitudes, increases the risk of misidentification and miscalculation.
Additionally, missiles and military-grade weaponised drones launched by Hezbollah allies create additional concerns for the safety of airspace in the region.
The Civil Aviation Authority of the State of Israel has demonstrated its ability to efficiently manage the risks to civil aviation in its airspace to date. However, it is considered that the current intensity of the conflict and high level of tensions with Iran pose risks to civil aviation requiring adequate mitigation measures to be implemented by air operators.
EASA will continue to closely monitor the situation, with a view to assess whether there is an increase or decrease of the risk for EU aircraft operators due to the evolution of the threat and risk situation.
EASA recommends air operators to implement a stringent monitoring process and risk assessment for each flight when intending to operate within the airspace of Israel.
The outcome of the risk assessment process should allow to reasonably determine the level of risk for each flight resulting in a decision:
1) to continue the operations subject to the implementation of mitigations or additional contingency measures; or
2) not to operate in the entirety or in part of the affected airspace, at any or at specific flight level.
The risk assessment and mitigation measures should ensure that a flight does not commence or continue as planned unless it has been verified by all reasonable means that the airspace can be safely used for the planned operation.
Air operators should closely monitor airspace developments in the region and follow all available aeronautical publications concerning the region issued by Israel, including information shared through the European Information Sharing and Cooperation Platform on Conflict Zones, alongside available guidance or direction from their national authorities.
Source: Canada
Reference: AIC 12/25
Issued: 10-Oct-23, valid until: Ongoing
Plain English: Caution to Canadian operators in the LLLL/Tel Aviv FIR due to potential risk from military activity.
Level 1 (Information)
Canadian Air Operators and owners of aircraft registered in Canada are advised to take all potential risk information into account in their risk assessment and routing decisions within FIR Tel Aviv (LLLL). Potential risk from anti-aviation weaponry and military operations.
Canadian Air Operators and owners of aircraft registered in Canada are advised to take all potential risk information into account in their risk assessment and routing decisions within FIR Tel Aviv (LLLL). Potential risk from anti-aviation weaponry and military operations.